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Kamis, 20 Desember 2012
Medical English lesson plans for teachers
Extra English
This is the story of Bridget and Annie, who share a flat in London. They have a neighbour, Nick. Nick fancies Bridget. But Annie fancies Nick. That’s the way it is until Bridget gets a letter from Argentina. Stand by for Extra.
Extra English lessons are very useful for beginner and intermediate English learners. These videos have subtitles, so you can read the text while your are watching Extra English episodes.
Minggu, 02 Desember 2012
Finska bajka
Preuzeto sa: http://blog.b92.net/text/21458/Finska-bajka/#.ULtmOH2fPaw.facebook
Krugolina Borup
/ 24.11.2012. u 22:31
Sabtu, 01 Desember 2012
Season of colds and flu
http://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2012/11/28/season-of-colds-and-flu/
November 28, 2012
by Kate Woodford
It’s autumn, the time of the year when colds andflu are everywhere. With so many peoplecoughing and sneezing, we thought it time to take a look at words relating to colds, flu, and their unpleasant symptoms.
When you are starting to suffer from a cold or flu, you might say you arecoming/going down with a cold/the flu. You may have an idea where you caught it orpicked it up. (Was it from the colleague who sneezed and coughed her way through a meeting with you?). It may be that it was impossible to escape as there are so many coughs and colds going round (= being passed from one person to another).
A cold with particularly bad symptoms may be called a heavy cold, or simply a bad cold. (For added emphasis, some people use the informal phrase, a stinking cold.) On the other hand, a slight cold that affects only the nose may be described as ‘just asniffle’.
And what about those cold symptoms? A loud, rough cough may be described as ahacking cough. A cough which sounds as if it comes deep from within the chest is achesty cough. Meanwhile, (I’m sorry, this isn’t pleasant), a cough which brings up a lot of mucus may be described on a medicine bottle as productive. Of course there are other symptoms too. A person with a cold may sneeze repeatedly. They may have asore throat, a dry throat or a tickle in the throat that makes them feel that they need to cough, even when they don’t. They will probably have a blocked nose, making breathing through the nose difficult or impossible. The more medical noun for this symptom is congestion, the adjective is congested. An informal, British expression meaning ‘congested’ is bunged-up.
A cold sufferer may not have a blocked nose, but instead a runny nose where liquid keeps coming out through the nose. Someone with this irritating symptom may describe their cold as a streaming cold. They will probably have to keep blowing theirnose to deal with it.
A cold is bad enough but, of course, flu is considerably worse. Someone with a dose of or a bout of flu will probably be laid up in bed, (= forced to stay in bed because they are so ill). They will have a fever/temperature. If the fever is particularly bad you might say they are burning up. They will almost certainly be off their food (= not at all hungry).
Finally, since colds and flu are only temporary, (we hope!), when the worst symptoms have passed, we might say we are over the worst of it. Here’s wishing you a healthy autumn and winter, with none of the above!
November 28, 2012
by Kate WoodfordIt’s autumn, the time of the year when colds andflu are everywhere. With so many peoplecoughing and sneezing, we thought it time to take a look at words relating to colds, flu, and their unpleasant symptoms.
When you are starting to suffer from a cold or flu, you might say you arecoming/going down with a cold/the flu. You may have an idea where you caught it orpicked it up. (Was it from the colleague who sneezed and coughed her way through a meeting with you?). It may be that it was impossible to escape as there are so many coughs and colds going round (= being passed from one person to another).
A cold with particularly bad symptoms may be called a heavy cold, or simply a bad cold. (For added emphasis, some people use the informal phrase, a stinking cold.) On the other hand, a slight cold that affects only the nose may be described as ‘just asniffle’.
And what about those cold symptoms? A loud, rough cough may be described as ahacking cough. A cough which sounds as if it comes deep from within the chest is achesty cough. Meanwhile, (I’m sorry, this isn’t pleasant), a cough which brings up a lot of mucus may be described on a medicine bottle as productive. Of course there are other symptoms too. A person with a cold may sneeze repeatedly. They may have asore throat, a dry throat or a tickle in the throat that makes them feel that they need to cough, even when they don’t. They will probably have a blocked nose, making breathing through the nose difficult or impossible. The more medical noun for this symptom is congestion, the adjective is congested. An informal, British expression meaning ‘congested’ is bunged-up.
A cold sufferer may not have a blocked nose, but instead a runny nose where liquid keeps coming out through the nose. Someone with this irritating symptom may describe their cold as a streaming cold. They will probably have to keep blowing theirnose to deal with it.
A cold is bad enough but, of course, flu is considerably worse. Someone with a dose of or a bout of flu will probably be laid up in bed, (= forced to stay in bed because they are so ill). They will have a fever/temperature. If the fever is particularly bad you might say they are burning up. They will almost certainly be off their food (= not at all hungry).
Finally, since colds and flu are only temporary, (we hope!), when the worst symptoms have passed, we might say we are over the worst of it. Here’s wishing you a healthy autumn and winter, with none of the above!
Rabu, 28 November 2012
Kamis, 15 November 2012
Minggu, 04 November 2012
Kamis, 01 November 2012
Rabu, 31 Oktober 2012
Kamis, 18 Oktober 2012
Dos and Don'ts in Thailand
You've probably read about the "good manners" already in your travel guide. Most of what the guides say is true: you shouldn't point your feet towards a Buddha image, you shouldn't touch a monk, etc. But there are a few things, in our humble opinion, that the guides always forget to mention, and there are also a few things not worth mentionning.
National Symbols
The King
Thai people have a true and deep feeling of love and respect for their King, His Majesty Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX). If you go to see a movie, for example, you have to stand up when everybody stands up (this is at the beginning, when they show a short film about the King). Failing to do so, or deliberately failing to show some respect towards the King or the Monarchy in any situation where it is expected from you, is not only an offense to the Thai people, but it can also get you in very big trouble. As an example, a Swiss man was sentenced to 10 years in jail just because he had sprayed black paint on a King's portrait (as the story goes, he had been angry because he couldn't buy alcohol due to the 60th anniversary celebrations of the King's accession to the throne). So please always remember that it is a very serious matter in Thailand.
The Thai hymn
At 8.00 am and 6.00 pm every day, the Thay national hymn is played in public places. Most people stop and stand still, a few don't. As a foreigner and especially in touristic spots you're not expected to stand still, but if you feel like showing some respect, the Thais will of course appreciate it.
Thai Culture
The "wai": how and when?
The wai (pronounce like why) is the traditional gesture of greeting and thanking. It is done by joining hands in front of the chest and bending the head. Foreigners are not expected to wai, but it's nice to do it in appropriate situations. So who should you wai? If you're not sure, you can wai basically any person who wais you first, except if this person is working for you or this person is a child. This means you needn't wai a maid or a hotel staff, for instance. It's not that they are "inferior", but they provide a service, you are the guest, and you are not even expected to thank them. Of course many foreigners thank them and even wai back, and the Thais get used to it, but if you show too much respect to someone, he can also be embarrassed. If you want to be nice, just smile :-) and leave a tip!
You can also wai as a way to apologize, if you step on someone's foot or bump into someone.
In circumstances when you want to show even more respect (if you meet your Thai girlfriend's or boyfriend's parents, for example), the wai should take longer, with the hands higher (the higher the hands, the more respect you're showing). You can also bow a little.
The monks
Don't touch the monks, don't give them anything directly especially if you are a girl, and try to show them some respect the way the Thais do. If you are in a crowd and stand close to a monk, avoid rubbing shoulders, for instance.
Losing face
There is this notion of "losing face" in Asia, so that everybody expects a Japanese man to tear his guts apart with a sword or burst in tears on television if he ever does something he should be ashamed of. In Thailand it's not much about doing something shameful (or else I guess it would be a bloodbath), it's rather about not to lose a conflict. That's why everybody says you should avoid any conflict of any kind with a Thai person (man or woman), because they can get hot tempered and react in very extreme ways in order not to lose face. You've been warned!
Being a guest
No shoes inside
You should take off your shoes when you enter a house (or a temple, no need to say), or anytime you notice that shoes are being left in front of the door.
Presents
The Thai love to make presents to each other. If you're invited somewhere, always try to bring something along. If you go on a trip somewhere, make sure you buy souvenirs, even small things (it's really the thought that matters).
Food: the good manners
In a typical Thai meal there are several dishes at the center of the table, and a plate of rice for every guest. You are supposed to help yourself with the spoon in the dish, not with your personal spoon. It's better to help yourself small portions several times, rather than a big portion. The fork is used to push the food into the spoon, and the spoon is used to eat. Don't eat rice with your fork. There are no knives on the table, as Thai food is already eminced and you have nothing to cut. Chopsticks are used rarely, primarily for the consumption of noodle soups.
At the restaurant, Thai people usually order several dishes which are put in the middle of the table, and everybody can eat from any dish. So it's very different from what we do in Europe or USA, where every guest at the table orders his own dish and you have to ask politely if you want to taste what somebody else ordered!
Last but not least, because rice is difficult to grow and harvest, and because it is essential in Thailand, it is considered impolite and disrespectful to leave some rice in the plate. So don't help yourself too much rice, to be sure you will finish it all.
The Body
Hide these feet that I ought not to see
Feet are the less sacred part of the body. When you sit in a temple, get on your knees and keep your feet behind you. If you're not sure how to sit, just look at the way the Thais sit and adopt the same position. This is also true when you sit on the floor with other people, like the Thais like to do when they eat or talk with friends. You can sit cross-legged or on your knees, provided you keep your feet out of view. When sitting on a chair, if you feel the urge to cross your legs or rest your feet on an empty chair in front of you, make sure your feet are not directed to anyone. If you need to tie up your shoelace, be careful where you put your feet on. I remember when a friend of mine had to tie up his shoelace and he put his foot on the pedestal of a statue of the King. Very bad idea, fortunately they were no passers-by.
Oh my head
The head is the most sacred part of the body, and the guides usually say that you must never touch the head of a child, as it is where their soul is. Well, this may be true, but I've seen many Thai people, even perfect strangers, pat the head of my kids or stroke their hair. So it's probably no such big deal. But never throw anything at someone's head, even if you think you're just kidding.
B.O.: stay fresh all day!
Thailand is a very hot and damp country, and Farangs (Westerners) often sweat like madmen. Miraculously, the Thais always look fresh and clean. If you are a tourist, it's not such a big deal, you can reduce the damage with a good deodorant and some comfortable clothes. If you're working, you should adopt all the Thai tricks: avoid walking under the sun (use taxis or buses with air conditioning, or moto-taxis), or if you can't avoid walking under the sun then protect yourself under an umbrella (you won't look stupid). You can also have a small towel to wipe sweat (you won't look stupid either). Use lifts or escalators, don't climb stairs. The sun is hot here!
Keep your voice down
Farangs are often thought to be noisy people. On many occasions I sat on the BTS (the Bangkok subway) at rush hour, with Thai people speaking on the phone or talking to each other, but always in a very quiet atmosphere. And then you have a group of big Farangs stepping in, laughing out loud and getting everyone's attention. We are what we are, and we speak like we speak, but the Thais usually like to keep their voice down (except my wife, can you believe it), so if you want to show your good manners, you shouldn't speak too loud in closed public spaces.
Body Language
Gestures
Like the languages we speak are not the same, the body language also varies from one culture to another. In Thailand, pointing at someone with your forefinger, for instance, can be an aggressive gesture. When calling a taxi or gesturing for someone to come closer, make sure your palm is down, the fingers directed to the ground. When passing between some people who are talking to each other, make sure you bend your body to show that you apologize for the disruption. Also bend a little if you have to walk and everybody else sits. The idea is that having your head higher than someone else means that you are in a superior position, so if you can't avoid it, you must bend to show that you are at least aware of it. You will also notice that people who consider themselves in an inferior position (maids for instance) may even bow until their head is actually lower than the people they show respect to, even if these people are seated. You also have to remember it is simple politeness, not a humiliation in any way.
Just keep smiling!
Maybe you already witnessed such a scene: a car breaks down in the middle of the traffic, jamming all the other cars, and it's a cacophony of horns... In the middle of the chaos sits the poor guy behind the wheel of his useless car, and, incredibly, the guy is smiling! Or you desperately need to buy something, and the shop owner seems delighted to tell you he has run out of it! Why are they smiling like that, isn't that unnerving, huh? When they say the "land of smiles", you probably expected smiles and welcoming crowns of flowers, not hypocritical smiles of people making fun of you! Well, just relax, nobody is making fun of you. The Thais smile when they feel embarrassed, that's all. It may seem hard to fathom, but it's true. If they are in a very difficult situation and they can't do much about it, chances are they will just smile, as a way of not losing face. So they may smile just because they would like to help you but they can't. Yes, sometimes they may also make fun of you too, we're never sure, are we... ;-)
Scams and rip-offs
Bargaining
The tourist guides always say that you should bargain the prices, that it is expected from you and that it is part of the fun. This is true for street markets and especially in touristic areas. In shopping centers, you can sometimes try to negociate a discount, depending on what you are buying. Of course supermarkets and hypermarkets have fixed prices. Some people like to bargain like crazy, some people don't bother. Whichever category you belong to, please try to be moderate and keep in mind that sometimes you're bargaining for the equivalent of just a few cents. I have seen some tourists having the poor shopkeeper open and unfold all his stuff, then bargaining for unrealistic prices and just going away, leaving the poor guy frustrated and angry.
Double pricing policy
In a lot of touristic places, like natural parks, amusement parks, or any place that you pay to visit, there is a double price policy: a lower price for the Thais, a higher price for the "Farangs". Of course this is one of the rare occasions where the prices for the locals are written with the original Thai alphabet, so that the tourists can't read the figures. Some say it's a rip off, some say it's normal, as tourists usually have a much stronger purchasing power than the locals. I let you be the judge! If you're an expat working here, showing your work permit or your driving licence and speaking Thai usually gets you the local price.
Tourist scams
Your first experience of local harassment will probably take place at the airport, as there is always a lot of people making a nuisance of themselves, asking where you're going and offering private taxi or limousine services. If you need a taxi, just ignore all the touts and go straight to the public taxi counter.
The other local scams are usually well known. The most classic one: a taxi driver walks up to you and asks where you're going, then says 'Sorry sir this temple is closed, I take you to a beautiful temple instead...' and then you find there is a jewel shop on the way, where the driver earns a commission each time he brings in a tourist. In touristic places, especially in Bangkok, you can also be approached by middle aged people, well dressed, who will chat with you for a while and be very friendly. It always ends the same way, they propose you to buy jewels and sell them for a higher price when you are back in your country. It is of course a scam. If you're not sure, ask your new friend if you can take a picture together and if you can post it on your blog. See how they react.
Some Indian guys are also running a scam of some sort in Bangkok, on Sukhumvit near Nana station. They will stop you and tell you that you have a beautiful face, or that you remind them of someone, of whatever. Then they pay you a drink and pester you until you buy whatever it is that they are selling. The best thing to do is of course to ignore them (or tell them they have a beautiful face too and you want to take a picture of them for your blog!).
So far it's not that bad, really. These last few years though, things have turned nasty, especially in Pattaya and Phuket, where some mafias are at work with impunity. We won't go into the details here, but if you go to Phuket, make sure you do your homework, especially concerning tuk tuk and taxi drivers. If you are asked to move your bike or car because it is parked on a taxi space, don't look for any sign indicating that it is a taxi space and just move your vehicle. In Pattaya, make sure you don't rent a jetski, as you're most likely to get scammed (just read what happened to an Irishman or watch the scam in action on Youtube).
Finally, avoid booking a bus seat from a Khao San road travel agency. Some thieves hid in the luggage compartment and will go through all your personal belongings. Yes, it's been going on for years. No, nothing has never been done about it. If you travel by bus, take a government bus from an official bus station and keep your valuables on you.
Conclusion
All this being said, you don't need to get paranoid either! There are indeed some scams, but most of them are concentrated in touristic areas, and if you are well informed you shouldn't have any trouble avoiding them.
There would also be a lot to say concerning nightlife, girls, love, money and relationships, but we can't cover all subjects. ;-) If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us.
Big no-no
Drugs
Last but not least, the always classic but necessary warning: don't take drugs while visiting Thailand. Don't buy any, don't carry any, don't get involved with anything or anyone about drugs. The laws here are very tough, the prisons are no Disneyland and you don't want to take the risk of spending many years in a Thai jail just to have a fun party or earn a few bucks. It's not worth it, whichever way you look at it. You should never accept any bag or anything from someone you don't know very well, as it may contain drugs. And beware of your own compatriots, it's not because you are thousands of miles away from home that the fellow countryman you've just met will prove to be a nice and reliable friend. There are many scams of all kinds run by foreigners and aimed at foreigners...
Bottom line
If you're not sure what to do or how to behave in a specific situation, just look at what the Thais are doing and do the same. If it fails, just smile. :)
Life skills - Active Listening
Active listening is a skill that can be acquired and developed with practice. However, this skill can be difficult to master and will, therefore, take time and patience.
'Active listening' means, as its name suggests, actively listening, that is fully concentrating on what is being said rather than just ‘hearing’ the message of the speaker. Active listening involves listening with all senses. As well as giving full attention to the speaker, it is important that the ‘active listener’ is also ‘seen’ to be listening to them otherwise the speaker may conclude that what they are talking about is uninteresting to the listener. Interest can be conveyed to the speaker by using both verbal and non-verbal messages such as maintaining eye contact, nodding your head and smiling, agreeing by saying ‘Yes’ or simply ‘Mmm hmm’ to encourage them to continue. By providing this 'feedback' the person speaking will usually feel more at ease and therefore communicate more easily, openly and honestly.
Listening is the most fundamental component of interpersonal communication skills. Listening is not something that just happens (that is hearing), listening is an active process in which a conscious decision is made to listen to and understand the messages of the speaker. Listeners should remain neutral and non-judgmental, this means trying not to take sides or form opinions, especially early in the conversation. Active listening is also about patience - pauses and short periods of silence should be accepted. Listeners should not be tempted to jump in with questions or comments every time there are a few seconds of silence. Active listening involves giving the other person time to explore their thoughts and feelings, they should, therefore, be given adequate time for that.
Active listening not only means focusing fully on the speaker but also actively showing verbal and non-verbal signs of listening. Generally speakers want listeners to demonstrate ‘active listening’ by responding appropriately to what they are saying. Appropriate responses to listening can be both verbal and non-verbal:
Find more at: http://www.skillsyouneed.co.uk/IPS/active_listening.html#ixzz29dnGLQhX
Jumat, 12 Oktober 2012
Gotovi globalni, operativni planovi i pripreme
Preuzeto sa: http://www.bigzskolstvo.rs/index.php/za-nastavno-osoblj
Za nastavno osoblje
Operativni planovi, globalni planovi i pripreme
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Kamis, 11 Oktober 2012
home from home
UK (US home away from home)
Definition
a place where you feel as comfortable as you do in your own home
The hotel was a real home from home.
(Definition of home from home from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)
feature-length
/ˈfiː.tʃə.leŋk θ/
/-tʃɚ-/ adj [before noun] Definition
describes a film or television play that is 90 or more minutes long
(Definition of feature-length adjective from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)
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